1. Air Pollution
Delhi consistently ranks among the most polluted cities in the world. The main contributors to air pollution include:
- Vehicular emissions
- Industrial pollution
- Construction dust
- Burning of crop residue in neighboring states (stubble burning)
- Weather conditions (temperature inversions trap pollutants)
Despite efforts such as the Odd-Even vehicle scheme, CNG adoption, and air purifiers in public places, pollution remains a severe issue, especially in winter.
2. Climate Change & Temperature Rise
- Rising temperatures are making summers more extreme, with heatwaves becoming more frequent.
- Winters have become unpredictable, with fluctuating cold waves.
- Rainfall patterns have changed, leading to sudden heavy downpours, causing urban flooding.
3. Water Crisis
- Groundwater depletion is a major concern due to excessive extraction.
- The Yamuna River, a key water source, remains highly polluted.
- Unequal water distribution leads to shortages in many areas.
4. Green Cover & Biodiversity Loss
- While Delhi has increased its green cover in some areas, rapid urbanization has led to the loss of natural habitats.
- Wildlife like birds and small mammals are facing challenges due to habitat destruction.
5. Waste Management Challenges
- Delhi generates over 11,000 metric tonnes of solid waste daily.
- Landfills like Ghazipur have become “garbage mountains”, leading to methane emissions and health hazards.
- Recycling and waste segregation efforts are still in their early stages.
6. Government Initiatives & Public Response
- Delhi Electric Vehicle Policy promotes e-vehicles to curb emissions.
- Yamuna Action Plan aims to clean the river.
- Smog Towers have been installed to reduce pollution.
- Increasing metro connectivity and promoting cycling are being encouraged.
Future Outlook
If immediate action is taken, including stricter pollution control, better waste management, and sustainable urban planning, Delhi can improve its environment. However, continued negligence will lead to worsening air quality, water scarcity, and health risks.
